Coral Sea Islands (2004) | Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2001) | |
Area | total: less than 3 sq km
land: less than 3 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 780,000 sq km, with the Willis Islets the most important |
total:
412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative | NA | slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC |
Background | Scattered over some 1 million square kilometers of ocean, the Coral Sea Islands were declared a territory of Australia in 1969. They are uninhabited except for a small meteorological staff on the Willis Islets. Automated weather stations, beacons, and a lighthouse occupy many other islands and reefs. | These uninhabited, barren islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve. |
Climate | tropical | antarctic |
Coastline | 3,095 km | 101.9 km |
Country name | conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory
conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands |
conventional long form:
Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories |
Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
Disputes - international | none | none |
Economy - overview | no economic activity | no economic activity |
Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m |
lowest point:
Southern Ocean 0 m highest point: Big Ben 2,745 m |
Environment - current issues | no permanent fresh water resources | NA |
Executive branch | administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | - |
Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | the flag of Australia is used |
Geographic coordinates | 18 00 S, 152 00 E | 53 06 S, 72 31 E |
Geography - note | important nesting area for birds and turtles | primarily used for research stations |
Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 0 sq km (1993) |
Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mostly grass or scrub cover) (2001) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% |
Legal system | the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply | the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply |
Location | Oceania, islands in the Coral Sea, northeast of Australia | Southern Africa, islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica |
Map references | Oceania | Antarctic Region |
Maritime claims | territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
Natural hazards | occasional tropical cyclones | Heard Island is dominated by a dormant volcano called Big Ben |
Natural resources | NEGL | none |
Population | no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological station (2004 est.) |
uninhabited (July 2001 est.) |
Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | none; offshore anchorage only |
Terrain | sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays) | Heard Island - bleak and mountainous, with a quiescent volcano; McDonald Islands - small and rocky |
Waterways | - | none |